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1.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 78(4): 253-257, oct.-dic.2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-781638

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de MELAS es una rara citopatía mitocondrial de difícil diagnóstico. Reportamos el caso de una niña de 10 años, que ingresó al Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas de Lima, Perú, quien presentó episodios bruscos similares a accidentes cerebrovasculares y crisis epilépticas. Los estudios de neuroimágenes mostraron infartos y el examen genético fue positivo para MELAS identificando la mutación más frecuente A3243G...


MELAS syndrome is a rare mitochondrial cytopathy difficult to diagnose. We report the case of a 10 year old girl who was admitted to the National Institute of Neurological Sciences of Lima - Peru, who presented sudden stroke like episodes and seizures. Neuroimaging studies showed infarction and genetic testing was positive for identifying the most common MELAS mutation (A3243)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Acidosis, Lactic , Infarction , Mitochondrial Myopathies , MELAS Syndrome , MELAS Syndrome/diagnosis , MELAS Syndrome/epidemiology , MELAS Syndrome/therapy , Peru
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 73(11): 959-967, Nov. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762887

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTMitochondrial myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a rare mitochondrial disorder. Diagnostic criteria for MELAS include typical manifestations of the disease: stroke-like episodes, encephalopathy, evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction (laboratorial or histological) and known mitochondrial DNA gene mutations. Clinical features of MELAS are not necessarily uniform in the early stages of the disease, and correlations between clinical manifestations and physiopathology have not been fully elucidated. It is estimated that point mutations in the tRNALeu(UUR) gene of the DNAmt, mainly A3243G, are responsible for more of 80% of MELAS cases. Morphological changes seen upon muscle biopsy in MELAS include a substantive proportion of ragged red fibers (RRF) and the presence of vessels with a strong reaction for succinate dehydrogenase. In this review, we discuss mainly diagnostic criterion, clinical and laboratory manifestations, brain images, histology and molecular findings as well as some differential diagnoses and current treatments.


RESUMOMiopatia mitocondrial, encefalopatia, acidose lática, e episódios semelhantes a acidente vascular cerebral (MELAS) é uma rara doença mitocondrial. Os critérios diagnósticos para MELAS incluem as manifestações típicas da doença: episódios semelhantes a acidente vascular cerebral, encefalopatia, evidência de disfunção mitocondrial (laboratorial ou histológica) e mutação conhecida em genes do DNA mitocondrial. Na fase inicial da doença, as manifestações clínicas podem não ser uniformes, e sua correlação com a fisiopatologia não está completamente elucidada. Estima-se que as mutações de ponto no gene tRNALeu(UUR) do DNAmt, principalmente a A3243G, sejam responsáveis por cerca de 80% dos casos de MELAS. As alterações morfológicas na biópsia muscular incluem uma grande proporção de fibras vermelhas rasgadas (RRF) e presença de vasos com forte reação para succinato desidrogenase. Nesta revisão, são discutidos os principais critérios diagnósticos, manifestações clínicas e laboratoriais, imagens cerebrais, padrões eletrofisiológicos, histológicos e alterações moleculares, bem como alguns dos diagnósticos diferenciais e tratamentos atuais.


Subject(s)
Humans , MELAS Syndrome/diagnosis , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , MELAS Syndrome/genetics , MELAS Syndrome/physiopathology , MELAS Syndrome/therapy , Mutation
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